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Oxbow lake deposits or clay plugs form in the old meander loops. The entrances to an oxbow lake become plugged with sand while the lake becomes filled with silt and clay from flood water. Eventually, a layer of floodplain clay, which can be very stiff, covers the softer underlying clay in the oxbow lake. This condition causes considerable problems during construction projects. These oxbow lake clays may be buried up to 30 or 40 ft.
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