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Mud diapirs form in delta areas as vertical protrusions of underlying silt and clay which have been compressed by overlying sand. These features may extrude several hundred feet vertically and cause considerable local subsidence in the sands.
These diapirs are one example of the relatively unstable nature of the prograding delta. As the delta builds into the basin, the denser sand drops on top of the water saturated silt and clay.
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